As fall approaches, it’s essential to maintain your sunscreen routine despite cooling temperatures and changing skin products. UV exposure continues year-round, contributing to sunburn and skin aging. Dermatologists recommend using a broad-spectrum sunscreen with at least SPF 30 as the last step in your morning skincare routine.
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However, with complex skincare regimens that may include multiple products—like serums, moisturizers, and toners—effective sunscreen application can be tricky. A group of dermatologists offers strategies for properly layering sunscreen to ensure adequate skin protection throughout the year.
SPF, or sun protection factor, indicates how much UVB radiation is needed to cause sunburn on protected skin versus unprotected skin. For instance, SPF 30 filters about 97% of UVB rays, while SPF 50 filters approximately 98%. Although higher SPF offers slightly better protection, proper application is crucial. To maximize effectiveness, apply an ample amount and reapply at least every two hours, particularly after sweating or swimming.
Regarding the order of application, dermatologist Anna Karp advises using a "thin-to-thick" method, starting with cleansing, followed by toner, water-based serums, and concluding with moisturizer before applying sunscreen. Ideally, sunscreen should sit undisturbed on the skin, with makeup layered on top. If using tinted sunscreen, it may eliminate the need for primer or foundation, depending on desired coverage.
Moisturizer is not mandatory before sunscreen, according to dermatologist Brianna Olamiju. For those with oily or combination skin, a hydrating sunscreen may suffice. However, individuals with dry or sensitive skin might still benefit from a moisturizer beneath.
Layering two sunscreens can enhance coverage, but combining different SPFs doesn’t create an additive effect—SPF 30 plus SPF 50 does not equal SPF 80. To ensure optimal protection, it’s recommended to choose a broad-spectrum SPF 50 sunscreen.
Contrary to popular belief, chemical sunscreens can be layered under mineral sunscreens or vice versa. Experts recommend applying the lighter formulation first, letting it settle for a moment before the second application. Care should be taken to avoid excessive rubbing, which can disrupt the sunscreen film, leading to uneven application.
There is no universal rule for how long to wait between sunscreen applications; however, allowing each layer to dry before proceeding is advisable.
Tinted sunscreens can be worn under foundation, offering extra protection against visible light, especially for those with conditions like melasma. Nevertheless, SPF makeup should not replace traditional sunscreen, as it often provides insufficient protection if not applied in generous amounts.
Finally, when applying sunscreen, ensure entire coverage from the hairline to the neck, including areas such as ears and under the eyes, for complete protection from UV rays.