Debunking Common Myths About Sunscreen

Myth #1: Skin cancer rates are rising because of sunscreen.

Skin cancer, particularly melanoma, which is the most serious type, has indeed seen a significant increase, tripling since 1975. Other common forms of skin cancer, such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, have also risen during the same period. This trend may seem contradictory to claims that sunscreen is beneficial, but it is a classic example of the correlation-not-causation fallacy, according to Dr. Carina Woodruff, a board-certified dermatologist in Dallas. Factors contributing to increased skin cancer rates include improved access to healthcare leading to more diagnoses, the prevalence of tanning bed use, and an aging population with more sun exposure. Notably, skin cancer development can take years, indicating that rising rates may predate changes in sunscreen regulation by the FDA in 1978 and 2011. Additionally, those who use sunscreen typically spend longer in the sun but may not apply it adequately or reapply every two hours as recommended, resulting in less protection than assumed.

Myth #2: Sunscreen causes vitamin D deficiency.

While sunscreen blocks UVB rays necessary for vitamin D production in the skin, the assertion that it contributes significantly to vitamin D deficiency requires nuance. A study from 2025 indicated that continuous high-SPF sunscreen use might increase the risk of deficiency compared to intermittent use. However, factors like age, genetics, diet, and overall health also play critical roles in vitamin D levels. Dr. Mamina Turegano, a dermatologist in Metairie, Louisiana, emphasized that individuals can still experience deficiency despite ample sun exposure, noted by many of her patients with deep tans. She suggests that monitoring vitamin D and utilizing supplements is a safer strategy than risking skin damage from sun exposure.