Stanford Dermatologist Discusses the Benefits and Risks of Retinol

Retinol, a derivative of vitamin A, has been part of dermatological practices for decades and is considered a gold standard in skin care. It is widely used to treat various skin concerns, including acne, wrinkles, and sun damage. Dr. Rahman clarifies that while retinol and retinoids are related, they differ in potency; retinoids, which require a prescription, are more effective than over-the-counter retinols.

Both retinol and retinoids function by accelerating cell turnover, thereby aiding in the production of collagen and improving skin texture. As skin ages, natural collagen production declines, leading to thinned skin and visible signs of aging. Retinoids can enhance skin thickness, maintain moisture levels, stimulate collagen production, and reduce inflammation that can cause acne.

However, Dr. Rahman warns of potential temporary side effects from both retinol and retinoids, which might include redness, dryness, and increased sensitivity to sunlight. These effects typically last three to four weeks and can be managed by starting at a lower dose and gradually increasing usage or by combining with moisturizers.

Dr. Rahman emphasizes the importance of sunscreen while using retinoids, as initial increased sensitivity to UV light dissipates over time. Despite possible irritation, most users can eventually adjust and benefit from the positive effects of retinol in their skincare routine.